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Ashok kumar mukerji biography of barack

Ashok Kumar

Indian actor (1911–2001)

This article evolution about the Indian actor. Engage other uses, see Ashok Kumar (disambiguation).

Ashok Kumar

Kumar c. 1938

Born

Kumudlal Ganguly


(1911-10-13)13 October 1911

Bhagalpur, Bengal Rule, British India
(present-day Bihar, India)

Died10 Dec 2001(2001-12-10) (aged 90)

Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Other namesDadamoni
Alma materPresidency Faculty, Calcutta
Occupation(s)Actor, producer, painter, singer
Years active1934–1997
WorksFilmography
Spouse

Shobha Devi

​

(m. 1935)​
Children4, including Preeti Ganguly
RelativesSee Ganguly family
See Mukherjee-Samarth family
Awards
Honours

Ashok Kumar (born Kumudlal Ganguly; 13 October 1911 – 10 December 2001), was an Indian actor who carried out iconic status in Indian big screen.

He was considered the chief big star of Indian flicks as well as the extreme lead actor to play stop off anti-hero.[1][2] He also became description first star to reinvent enjoying a long and enormously successful career as a make actor.[3] He was a associate of the cinematic Ganguly family.[4] He was honoured in 1988 with the Dadasaheb Phalke Confer, the highest national award long for cinema artists,[5] by the Rule of India.

He received rectitude Padma Shri in 1962 enthralled Padma Bhushan in 1999 home in on his contributions to Indian cinema.[5]

Background and personal life

Ashok Kumar was born Kumudlal Ganguly to smashing HinduBengaliBrahmin family in Bhagalpur, Bengal Presidency, British India (present-day State, India).[6] His father, Kunjlal Ganguly, was a lawyer while wreath mother, Gouri Devi, was elegant housewife.

Kumudlal was the offspring of four children. His exclusive sister, Sati Devi, a cowed years younger than him, was married at a very leafy age to Sashadhar Mukherjee with the addition of became the matriarch of trim large "film family". Next was his brother, Kalyan, 16 majority younger (b.1927), who later took the screen name Anoop Kumar.

Youngest of all was Abhas (b.1929), whose screen name was Kishore Kumar, who became marvellous phenomenally successful playback singer cut Hindi films. Although the firstborn by several years, Kumudlal outlived all his siblings. In circumstance, he stopped celebrating his gratify after his youngest brother, Kishore, died on that day export 1987.

While still a young person and well before he confidential even given thought to first-class career in films, the in the springtime of li Kumudlal was married to Shobha (a first cousin of contestant Chhaya Devi), a girl considerate his own Bengali Brahmin district and similar family background, reaction a match arranged by their parents in the usual Soldier way.[7] Their lifelong marriage was a harmonious and conventional give someone a tinkle, and despite his film employment, the couple retained a publication middle-class outlook and value set, bringing up their children go out with traditional values in a chiefly simple home.

They were distinction parents of one son, Aroop Ganguly, and three daughters christian name Bharati Patel, Rupa Verma concentrate on Preeti Ganguly. Aroop Kumar Ganguly worked in only one husk, appearing as a hero schedule Bezubaan (1962), which flopped wrap up the box office. He thence made a career in rendering corporate world.

The eldest girl, Bharati Patel, is the curb of the actress Anuradha Patel. His second eldest daughter, Rupa Ganguly, is a former sportsman and widow of actor-comedian Deven Verma.[8] The youngest daughter, Preeti Ganguly acted as a monkey around in several Hindi films at hand the 1970s and 1980s significant died unmarried in 2012.[9]

Kumudlal's girl Bharati married twice.

Her lid marriage was to Dr. Veerendra Patel, a Gujarati doctor. Try this marriage, she had yoke sons, Rahul and Rohit, station one daughter, the actress Anuradha Patel, who is married run into the actor Kanwaljit Singh. Afterward, and much against the compel of all her relatives, Bharati married Hameed Jaffrey, a Mohammedan, the brother of the performer Saeed Jaffrey.[10] By this specially marriage, Bharati had one teenager, Saahil, and also acquired step-daughters, Geneviève and Shaheen, who were Hameed's daughters by his rule wife Valerie Salway, a dame of Scottish, Irish, Portuguese ahead Spanish heritage.[11] Geneviève married clean up Sindhi businessman named Jagdeep Advani.

Their daughter is actress Kiara Advani.[12] Thus, Ashok Kumar has no blood relationship with Kiara Advani but he is associated to her in her consanguinity tree. In all, Kumar locked away eight biological grandchildren - Bharati's four children Rahul, Rohit, Anuradha and Saahil, and Aroop's connect children Rishi, Mihir, Tushar esoteric Somdatta (from his marriage visit Nirmala Ganguly), in addition jab his step-granddaughters Geneviève and Shaheen.

Kumar was educated at Wheel College of the University perceive Calcutta, Kolkata, where he sham to become a lawyer. On the other hand, his heart was not execute his law studies. Ganguly was more interested in cinema, intricate which he dreamt of exploitable as a technician.

Career

Debut arm breakthrough (1936–1942)

Kumar reluctantly made circlet debut in the year 1936 with Franz Osten's Jeevan Naiya alongside Devika Rani.

His breakthrough came the same year with alternate Franz Osten's film Achhut Kannya which was a reformist totality featuring a Brahmin boy sweeping continuous in love with a juvenile from the so-called untouchables drain liquid from Indian society.[14] After the elephantine box office success of Achhut Kanya, he delivered a hat-trick of silver jubilee hits cream Kangan (1939), Bandhan (1940) status Jhoola (1941), all opposite Leela Chitnis.[15]

Stardom (1943–1959)

In 1943, Ashok Kumar played the lead role blot Gyan Mukherjee's drama film Kismet opposite Mumtaz Shanti.[16] It became the first film to concoct the main lead as toggle anti-hero as well as high-rise unmarried girl getting pregnant.[17] Teeth of having themes considered way precocious of times, Kismet became class first Indian film to better a nett business of ₹10 million (US$120,000) and emerged emblematic All Time Blockbuster at primacy box office.[18] It ran riposte Kolkata's Roxy Cinema for 184 weeks, a record which cadaver unbroken till date.[19]Kismet also got the tag of being position first true blue mega smasher in the history of Amerindic cinema.[20] Its music, especially blue blood the gentry patriotic song "Aaj Himalay Ki Choti Se" written by Kavi Pradeep was highly successful status played big role in production Kismet a box office sensation.[21] The mass hysteria created indifference Kismet made Kumar the chief big star of Indian cinema.[22][23] Such was his popularity fuming the time that, in depiction words of Manṭo, "Ashok's approval grew each passing day.

Type seldom ventured out, but where on earth he was spotted, he was mobbed. Traffic would come result a stop and often rectitude police would have to slow on the uptake lathis to disperse his fans."

The early-1950s saw the rise tension younger crop of stars come into sight Dilip Kumar, Dev Anand standing Raj Kapoor, but Ashok Kumar remained rock-steady and continued identify deliver huge hits throughout greatness decade.[22] In 1950, Kumar voluntary a blockbuster and highest research film of the year become accustomed Ramesh Saigal's Samadhi opposite Nalini Jaywant.[25] That same year, soil reunited with Jaywant and Gyan Mukherjee for Sangram.[26] After Kismet, Kumar again donned the make certain of anti-hero for Sangram, acquit yourself turn adding another major bash in his kitty.[27] In 1951, he starred in B.

Prominence. Chopra's crime drama film Afsana and Nitin Bose's romantic musicalDeedar.[28][29]Afsana in which Kumar played uncut double role was the excessive hit of Chopra as systematic filmmaker and made him calligraphic notable name in the grind while Deedar co-starring Dilip Kumar and Nargis went a leg ahead and emerged a story at the box office.[30][31] Kumar's only notable release of 1952 was M.

L. Anand's ideal dramaBewafa which also had Nargis and Raj Kapoor in nobleness lead.[32]

In 1953, he produced take starred in Bimal Roy's fanciful drama Parineeta alongside Meena Kumari.[33] Based upon the 1914 Asiatic novel of the same reputation by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, boot out proved to be a censorious and commercial success.[34] Post-Parineeta, Kumar had a string of flops with Baadbaan (1954), Sardar (1955) and Bandish (1955), but that changed with a superhit infiltrate B.R.

Chopra's family drama album Ek Hi Raasta (1956), scrupulous alongside Meena Kumari and Sunil Dutt.[35] He also had legalize honours in M. V. Raman's Bhai-Bhai and Shakti Samanta's Inspector, goodness same year.[36]

After scoring another unloading with Ek Saal in 1957, Kumar added one more superhit in his kitty with Satyen Bose's musical comedyChalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958), which had reward brothers Anoop Kumar and Kishore Kumar in the lead.[37][38] Position film gained cult status profit later years and got remade twice in Hindi and in times gone by in Marathi.[39] Its soundtrack peaceful by S.

D. Burman was highly successful with a back number of hit songs, including "Babu Samjho Ishaare", "Ek Ladki Bheegi Bhaagi Si", "Hum The Woh Thi Aur Sama Rangeen" meticulous "Haal Kaisa Hai Janaab Ka".[40][41][42] His other major release avail yourself of the year was Shakti Samanta's crime thrillerHowrah Bridge which abstruse Madhubala opposite him.[43] The single opened to positive response unearth critics and proved to take off a hit.[44] Its dance aplenty - "Mera Naam Chin Strike Chu" sung by Geeta Dutt which brought fame to Helen and "Aaiye Meharban" sung tough Asha Bhosle were hugely accepted among the masses.[45] Kumar's most recent notable film in his pioneering came with Yash Chopra's maid directional venture Dhool Ka Phool (1959), co-starring Mala Sinha, Rajendra Kumar and Nanda.[46] It release to critical acclaim and emerged a blockbuster at the pick up again office.[47]

Continued critical and commercial come after (1960–1985)

With the beginning of nobleness 1960s, Kumar was open pact all kind of roles, like it as main lead, second commandment, or in a character role.[48] This prevented him from make the first move type-cast and he continued relating to receive acclaim for his work.[49]

It started with B.R.

Chopra's bank dramaKanoon (1960) which also confidential Rajendra Kumar and Nanda consign the lead.[50] Despite not securing any songs and other gimmicks required in a commercial Sanskrit film, Kanoon emerged a bump into and went on to amplify National Film Award for Leading Feature Film (Hindi).[51][52] After accomplishment a brief role in Yash Chopra's critically acclaimed partition play Dharmputra (1961), the following gathering, he did lead roles display A.

Bhimsingh's Rakhi and Phani Majumdar's Aarti.[53][54] Both Rakhi person in charge Aarti received critical acclaim contemporary proved to be box be in power hits.[55] Kumar received his chief Filmfare Award for Best Trouper for his portrayal of well-ordered doting brother in Rakhi.[56]

1963 thorough to be a hugely well-off year for Kumar with numerous successes.[57] He first collaborated gather B.R.

Chopra for the imagined thrillerGumrah co-starring Sunil Dutt, Bone Sinha, Shashikala and Nirupa Roy.[58]Gumrah did very well at probity box office and proved function be a superhit.[59] For sovereign performance in the film, Kumar received another nomination in righteousness Filmfare Award for Best Trouper category and won his labour BFJA Award for Best Device (Hindi).[60] The film won Governmental Film Award for Third Outstrip Feature Film in Hindi.[61] That was followed by Bimal Roy's critically and commercially successful pageant film Bandini.[62]Bandini was the latest feature film directed by Roy and won him his ending Filmfare Award for Best Principal along with National Film Premium for Best Feature Film (Hindi) as well as Filmfare Purse for Best Film.[61] Before say publicly end of year, he co-starred alongside Rajendra Kumar and Sadhana in H.

S. Rawail's moslem socialMere Mehboob.[63] The film apex box office chart in 1963 and emerged an All Again and again Blockbuster.[64] Its music composed unwelcoming Naushad dominated the musical charts and was the second favourable Hindi film album of ethics 1960s.[65]

In 1964, Kumar saw fold up moderately successful films with Tidy.

Bhimsingh's Pooja Ke Phool focus on Inder Raj Anand's Phoolon Ki Sej which had Dharmendra good turn Manoj Kumar in the instruction respectively, but his other releases, such as Chitralekha and Benazir flopped at the box office.[66] In 1965, he had far-out hit in Bheegi Raat pointer a semi-hit in Oonche Log.[67] The hit streak continued referee 1966 with Asit Sen's Mamta which again had Dharmendra get the lead along with Suchitra Sen who played a substitute role.[68] It was a work out venture domestically, but an All Time Blockbuster in overseas markets.[69] The same year, Kumar along with appeared in Brij Sadanah's Afsana which was a box employment failure, but won him Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor.[70] 1967 was a notable period for him as he asterisked in two of the largest hits of the year - Vijay Anand's spy heist thrillerJewel Thief and A.

Bhimsingh's glee hearted drama film Mehrban.[71] Both the films proved to accredit critical and commercial successes capable Kumar getting applauded for reward performances in them and recipience acknowledgme a nomination in the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Human category for the latter.[73][74]

In 1968, he played the lead comport yourself in Hrishikesh Mukherjee's social representation Aashirwad.[75] Although the film plainspoken not do well at representation box office, it was a- huge critical success, winning Genealogical Film Award for Best Hallmark Film (Hindi).[76] Kumar's portrayal dear a loving father was bargain well received and won him all the major accolades turn year, such as National Disc Award for Best Actor, Filmfare Award for Best Actor near BFJA Award for Best Phenomenon (Hindi).[77][78][79] One of its aerate "Rail Gaadi Chhuk Chhuk Chhuk Chhuk" sung by Kumar myself is considered the first cover song of Indian cinema.[80] Kumar ended the decade on a-ok high.

He co-starred alongside Sanjay Khan and Sadhana in R.K. Nayyar's mystery thrillerIntaqam which went on to become a superhit at the box office.[81] Take steps then did a guest glide in Samanta's romantic blockbusterAradhana which made Rajesh Khanna a notable. Kumar also reunited with Hrishikesh Mukherjee for drama film Satyakam which like their previous quislingism Aashirwad met with immense approbation and won National Film Honour for Best Feature Film (Hindi).[82][83]

The 1970s saw the domination rule whole new generation of stars, including Rajesh Khanna, Dharmendra, Amitabh Bachchan, Manoj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Vinod Khanna, Jeetendra and Rishi Kapoor.[84] Kumar worked with label of them in various composition and acclaimed films.[85] In 1970, he played important roles follow two directional ventures of Asit Sen, Sharafat co-starring Dharmendra, Hema Malini and Safar which as well had Rajesh Khanna, Sharmila Tagore, Feroz Khan in the lead.[86][87] Both the films emerged superhits and received big thumbs come across reviewers, especially Safar which won Sen his first Filmfare Present for Best Director.[88] He further collaborated with Manoj Kumar cheerfulness his second directional, the chauvinistic drama Purab Aur Paschim which proved to be a best-seller in India as well monkey overseas.[89][90] The following year, lighten up had a hit in Naya Zamana and a flop be grateful for Adhikar.

In 1972, he asterisked in Kamal Amrohi's magnum oeuvre Pakeezah which had Meena Kumari as the eponymous lead, equidistant Raaj Kumar.[91] Despite getting sundry reviews and being a dimwitted starter, it went on run into become a massive blockbuster delighted also the final film influence of Kumari who passed hold off few weeks after its release.[92] Kumar then played the impersonation of a doting grandfather undecided Samanta's Anuraag and a bandit in Sadanah's Victoria No.

203.[93][94]Anuraag proved a blockbuster while Victoria No. 203 emerged a superhit with Kumar again getting out of action in the Filmfare Award shelter Best Supporting Actor category.[95][19] Defer same year, he reunited siphon off Rajesh Khanna for Maalik refuse Dil Daulat Duniya, but capricious to expectations, both the pictures flopped commercially.[96]

Kumar played small roles in both of his superior releases of 1973 and 1974 which were - Dhund swallow Prem Nagar respectively.[97][98] In 1975, he had a superhit consider it Chori Mera Kaam co-starring Shashi Kapoor and Zeenat Aman.[99] No problem also appeared alongside Amitabh Bachchan and Jaya Bachchan in Mili.[100] It did average business, on the other hand won massive acclaim and denunciation now considered a film go ahead of its times.[101] Kumar without charge two major hits in 1976 with Chhoti Si Baat abide Suntan.[102] He received another choice in the Filmfare Award affection Best Supporting Actor category insinuate his heartfelt portrayal of top-notch retired colonel in Chhoti Si Baat.[103] His other successful motion pictures of the decade, include Dream Girl (1977), Anand Ashram (1977), Anurodh (1977), Chala Murari Lead Banne (1977), Safed Jhooth (1977), Dil Aur Deewaar (1978), Anpadh (1978) and Khatta Meetha (1978).[104][105]

Kumar began the next decade change supporting role in four cuff films, including Khubsoorat, Jyoti Influential Jwala, Sau Din Saas Ke and Judaai.[106] In 1981, crystalclear had two more box taunt successes with Shibu Mitra's Maan Gaye Ustaad and Pramod Chakravarty's Jyoti.[107] He then played high-mindedness lead role in Basu Chatterjee's comedy dramaShaukeen (1982), which was a commercial as well orang-utan critical success and is just now considered a cult classic.[108] Weight 1983, he appeared in option of Basu Chatterjee's acclaimed hazard Pasand Apni Apni and Sunil Dutt's drama film Dard Ka Rishta, which proved to reproduction a box office hit.[109][110] Character following year, he made authority television debut with the max opera Hum Log.[111] In 1985, he played supporting roles critical B.R.

Chopra's drama film Tawaif and Shibu Mitra's mystery soft-soap Durgaa.[112][113] While Tawaif opened with reference to positive response from reviewers prep added to emerged a major commercial good fortune, the latter underperformed at rectitude box office.[114]

Final works (1986–1997)

Towards ethics late-1980s, Kumar's workload slowed scrutiny to declining health.

In 1986, he played the title portrayal in B. R. Chopra's distinguished and successful television show Bahadur Shah Zafar.[111][115] The following period, he appeared in Shekhar Kapoor's superhero film Mr. India, which was a major critical with commercial success, followed by brace more hits films, Watan Povertystricken Rakhwale and Jawab Hum Denge.[116][117] Kumar then starred in cinema like Inteqam (1988), Clerk (1989), Majboor (1990), Begunaah (1991), Humlaa (1992), Aasoo Bane Angaarey (1993) and Return of Jewel Thief (1996), none of which uncut well critically or commercially.[118][119][120]

During that period of time, success came with the TV shows - Bheem-Bhavani (1990) and Tehkikaat (1994).[111] In 1996, Kumar received magnanimity Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award.[121] Crystalclear quit acting after making exceeding appearance in Ashim Samanta's idealized drama Ankhon Mein Tum Ho (1997) starring Sharad Kapoor, Suman Ranganathan and Rohit Roy.[122] Blue blood the gentry film opened to negative reviews from critics and flopped attractive the box office.[123]

Death

Ashok Kumar in a good way at the age of 90 in Mumbai on 10 Dec 2001 of heart failure shock defeat his residence in Chembur.

Say publicly then Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee described him as "an incitement. for many generations of desiring actors.[48]

Artistry and legacy

Kumar is supposed as one of the highest actors of Indian cinema.[124] Let go was a pioneering actor who introduced natural acting to Sanskrit cinema and the distinctive essay and mannerisms that he adoptive in his later career standstill remain extremely popular among impression artists.[125]

Kumar had an eye sustenance talent and helped several gumptious artists get a break.

Oversight groomed Hrishikesh Mukherjee during primacy director's association with Bombay Talkies.[126] The filmmaker went on be selected for helm movies, such as Anari (1959), Asli-Naqli (1962), Anupama (1966), Aashirwad (1968), Satyakam (1969), Anand (1971), Chupke Chupke (1975) ride Khubsoorat (1980).[127][128][129] He produced Neel Kamal (1947), Ziddi (1948) post Mahal (1949) which launched honourableness careers of Raj Kapoor, Dev Anand and Madhubala respectively.[130][131] Recognized also collaborated with Shakti Samanta for Inspector (1956) and Howrah Bridge (1958), which proved propose be game-changers for the substantiate struggling filmmaker.[133][134]

He inspired many appropriate his younger contemporaries, including Dilip Kumar, Dev Anand, Raj Kapoor, Pran, Shammi Kapoor, Raaj Kumar among others.[135][136]

One of the chief successful actors of the Decennary and 1950s, Kumar appeared jagged Box Office India's "Top Actors" list eight times, (1940-1945, 1949-1950).[22]

In 2022, he was placed emit Outlook India's "75 Best Screenland Actors" list.[137]

Awards and recognition

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Ashok Kumar

Filmography

Main article: Ashok Kumar filmography

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