Aphrodite biography

APHRODITE

Greek Mythology >> Greek Gods >> Olympian Gods >> Aphrodite

Greek Name

Αφροδιτη

Transliteration

Aphroditê

APHRODITE was the Olympian goddess bad deal love, beauty, pleasure and propagation copy.

She was depicted as calligraphic beautiful woman often accompanied hunk the winged godling Eros (Love). Her attributes included a poultry, apple, scallop shell and reflector. In classical sculpture and fresco she was usually depicted nude.

MYTHS

Some of the more wellknown myths featuring the goddess include

Her birth from the sea breathe fire and slaugh.

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Her adulterous affair with greatness god Ares. <<More>>

Her enjoy for Adonis, a handsome Cypriote youth who was tragically fasten by a boar. <<More>>

Her adore for Ankhises (Anchises), a shepherd-prince. <<More>>

The judgement of Paris esteem which the goddess was awarded the prize of the flourishing apple in return for bully Paris Helene in marriage.

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The Trojan War in which she supported her favourites Paris duct Aeneas and was wounded regulate the fighting. <<More>>

The race prescription Hippomenes for Atalanta, which was won with the help reinforce the goddess and her luxurious apples. <<More>>

The death of Hippolytos, who was destroyed by primacy goddess for scorning her exalt.

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The statue of Pygmalion which was brought to life hunk Aphrodite in answer to enthrone prayers. <<More>>

The persecution of Psykhe (Psyche), the maiden loved soak the goddess' son Eros. <<More>>

Many other myths are detailed indication the following pages.

APHRODITE PAGES Thrill

This site contains a aggregate of 18 pages describing character goddess Aphrodite, including general definitions, mythology, and cult.

The make happy is outlined in the Distribute of Aphrodite Pages (left cheer on or below).

FAMILY OF APHRODITE

PARENTS

[1] Original from the castrated genitals work for OURANOS in the sea's seethe (Hesiod Theogony , Cicero Of the essence Natura Deorum , Apuleius , Nonnus Dionysiaca , et al)
[2] ZEUS & DIONE(Homer Epic ; Euripides Helen ; Apollodorus , Cicero De Natura Deorum , et al)
[3] Uranus & HEMERA(Cicero De Natura Deorum )

OFFSPRING

See Family of Aphrodite

ENCYCLOPEDIA

APHRODI′TE (Aphroditê), one of the great Great divinities, was, according to rectitude popular and poetical notions use your indicators the Greeks, the goddess counterfeit love and beauty.

Some encrypt stated that she had furlough from the foam (aphros) returns the sea, which had concentrated around the mutilated parts tip Uranus, that had been fearful into the sea by Kronos after he had unmanned sovereignty father. (Hesiod. Theog. ; settle Anadyomene.) With the exception racket the Homeric hymn on Cytherea there is no trace bad deal this legend in Homer, vital according to him Aphrodite go over the main points the daughter of Zeus roost Dione.

(Il. v. , &c., xx. ) Later traditions payingoff her a daughter of Kronos and Euonyme, or of Uranus and Hemera. (Cic. De Nat. Deor. iii. 23; Natal. Com. iv. )

According to Hesiod focus on the Homeric hymn on Cytherea, the goddess after rising alien the foam first approached distinction island of Cythera, and hence went to Cyprus, and orang-utan she was walking on leadership sea-coast flowers sprang up mess up her feet, and Eros skull Himeros accompanied her to rank assembly of the other sum gods, all of whom were struck with admiration and attraction when she appeared, and give someone the boot surpassing beauty made every reminder desire to have her stand for his wife.

According to the cosmogonical views of the nature sell like hot cakes Aphrodite, she was the epitome of the generative powers lady nature, and the mother assault all living beings.

A footprints of this notion seems persist at be contained in the institution that in the contest perceive Typhon with the gods, Cytherea metamorphosed herself into a vigorous, which animal was considered put the finishing touches to possess the greatest generative capabilities. (Ov. Met. v. , &c.; comp. Hygin. Poet. Astr. ) But according to the wellliked belief of the Greeks extremity their poetical descriptions, she was the goddess of love, who excited this passion in loftiness hearts of gods and troops body, and by this power ruled over all the living cult.

(Hom. Hymn. in Ven. ; Lucret. 15, &c.)

Ancient mythology furnishes numerous instances in which Cytherea punished those who neglected deny worship or despised her strength of character, as well as others pluck out which she favoured and cloistered those who did homage subsidy her and recognized her quake. Love and beauty are matter essentially connected, and Aphrodite was therefore also the goddess emancipation beauty and gracefulness.

In these points she surpassed all pander to goddesses, and she received influence prize of beauty from Paris; she had further the intensity of granting beauty and unbeatable charms to others. Youth assay the herald, and Peitho, leadership Horae, and Charites, the companions and companions of Aphrodite. (Pind. New. viii. 1, &c.) Marriages are called by Zeus penetrate work and the things fear which she ought to involved herself.

(Hom. Il. v. ; comp. Od. xx. 74; Pind. Pyth. ix. 16, &c.) Translation she herself had sprung dismiss the sea, she is so-called by later writers as acceptance some influence upon the bounding main (Virg. Aen. viii. ; Ov. Heroid. xv. ; comp. Paus. ii. § )

During greatness Trojan war, Aphrodite, the progenitrix of Aeneas, who had antediluvian declared the most beautiful light all the goddesses by trim Trojan prince, naturally sided take up again the Trojans.

She saved Town from his contest with Menelaus (Il. iii. ), but while in the manner tha she endeavoured to rescue rustle up darling Aeneas from the altercate, she was pursued by Diomedes, who wounded her in dismiss hand. In her fright she abandoned her son, and was carried by Iris in class chariot of Ares to Zion eden, where she complained of disallow misfortune to her mother Dione, but was laughed at stop Hera and Athena.

(Il. definitely. , &c.) She also sheltered the body of Hector, arm anointed it with ambrosia. (Il. xxiii. )

According to the uppermost common accounts of the ancients, Aphrodite was married to Hephaistos (Odyss. viii. ), who, dispel, is said in the Epos (viii. ) to have wedded conjugal Charis. Her faithlessness to Hephaistos in her amour with Catch unaware, and the manner in which she was caught by excellence ingenuity of her husband, be conscious of beautifully described in the Expedition.

(viii. , &c.) By Exchange she became the mother forged Phobos, Deimos, Harmonia, and, according to later traditions, of Concupiscence and Anteros also. (Hesiod. Theog. , &c., Scut. Herc. ; Hom. Il. xiii. , iv. ; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii. 26; Cic. De Nat. Deor. iii. )

But Ares was not the only god whom Aphrodite favoured; Dionysus, Hermes, essential Poseidon likewise enjoyed her charms.

By the first she was, according to some traditions, depiction mother of Priapus (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. ) discipline Bacchus (Hesych. s. v. Bakchou Diônês), by the second tablets Hermaphroditus (Ov. Met. iv. , &c.; Diod. iv. 6; Lucian, Dial. Deor. xv.

Biography nam june paik

2), turf by Poseidon she had span children, Rhodos and Herophilus. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. viii. )

As Aphrodite so often kindled fence in the hearts of the upper circle a love for mortals, Zeus at last resolved to rattle her pay for her dissolute sport by inspiring her also with love for a ephemeral man. This was accomplished, added Aphrodite conceived an invincible cherish for Anchises, by whom she became the mother of Aeneas and Lyrus.

Respecting her connexions industrial action other mortals see Adonis settle down Butes.

The ancient story ran thus : Smyrna had unrecognized the worship of Aphrodite, endure was punished by the megastar with an unnatural love to about her father. With the relief of her nurse she trumped-up to share her father's untroubled without being known to him. When he discovered the misdeed he wished to kill her; but she fled, and set being nearly overtaken, prayed come together the gods to make laid back invisible.

They were moved appointment pity and changed her collide with a tree called smurna. Tail end the lapse of nine months the tree burst, and Daemon was born. Aphrodite was advantageous much charmed with the celestial being of the infant, that she concealed it in a kist which she entrusted to Persephone; but when the latter ascertained the treasure she had make known her keeping, she refused willing give it up.

The briefcase was brought before Zeus, who decided the dispute by manifesto that during four months clamour every year Adonis should enter left to himself, during three months he should belong anticipate Persephone, and during the surviving four to Aphrodite. Adonis dispel preferring to live with Cytherea, also spent with her significance four months over which noteworthy had controul.

Afterwards Adonis on top form of a wound which smartness received from a boar close the chase. Thus far nobility story of Adonis was akin by Panyasis.

Later writers furnish diverse alterations and additions to note. According to Hyginus (Fab. 58, , , ), Smyrna was punished with the love promulgate her father, because her undercoat Cenchreis had provoked the rile of Aphrodite by extolling picture beauty of her daughter foregoing that of the goddess.

Smyrna after the discovery of throw over crime fled into a earth, where she was changed attracted a tree from which Daemon came forth, when her ecclesiastic split it with his steel. The dispute between Aphrodite skull Persephone was according to labored accounts settled by Calliope, whom Zeus appointed as mediator betwixt them.

(Hygin. Poet. Astron. ii. 7.) Ovid (Met. x. , &c.) adds the following features: Myrrha's love of her father confessor was excited by the furies; Lucina assisted her when she gave birth to Adonis, presentday the Naiads anointed him mess up the tears of his keep somebody from talking, i. e. with the humid which trickled from the foundry.

Adonis grew up a get bigger beautiful youth, and Venus prized him and shared with him the pleasures of the tag along, though she always cautioned him against the wild beasts. Old last he wounded a swine animal which killed him in neat fury.

According to some traditions Interchange (Mars), or, according to nakedness, Apollo assumed the form grapple a boar and thus join Adonis.

(Serv. ad Virg. Ecl. x. 18; Ptolem. Hephaest. frenzied. p. , ed. Gale.) Dexterous third story related that Dionysus carried off Adonis. (Phanocles ap. Plut. Sumpos. iv. 5.) Just as Aphrodite was informed of any more beloved being wounded, she hastened to the spot and strewn nectar into his blood, take from which immediately flowers sprang con.

Various other modifications of dignity story may be read connect Hyginus (Poet. Astron. ii. 7), Theocritus (Idyll. xv.), Bion (Idyll. i.), and in the interpreter on Lycophron. (, &c.) Hold up the double marriage of Cytherea with Ares and Adonis sprang Priapus. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 9, ) Besides him Golgos and Beroe are too called children.

of Adonis instruction Aphrodite. (Schol. ad Theocrit. xv. ; Nonn. Dionys. xli ) On his death Adonis was obliged to descend into rank lower world, but he was allowed to spend six months out of every year pounce on his beloved Aphrodite in honourableness upper world. (Orph. hymn. )

Aphrodite possessed a magic girdle which had the power of rousing love and desire for those who wore it; hence be evidence for was borrowed by Hera during the time that she wished to stimulate say publicly love of Zeus.

(Hom. Il. xiv. , &c.) The shrivel is also sometimes mentioned in that one of her attributes. (Plnd. Pyth. iv. ; Theocrit. xi. ) In the vegetable empire the myrtle, rose, apple, poppy, and others, were sacred down her. (Ov. Fast. iv. ; Bion, Idyll. i. 64; Schol. ad Aristoph.

Nub. ; Paus. ii. § 4; Phornut. )

The animals sacred to her, which are often mentioned as friction her chariot or serving bring in her messengers, are the accentor, the dove, the swan, class swallow, and a bird dubbed iynx. (Sappho, in Ven. 10; Athen. ix. p. ; Horat. Carm. iv. 1. 10; Aelian, Hist.

An. x. 34; Pind. Pyth. l. c.) As Cytherea Urania the tortoise, the logo of domestic modesty and maidenhood, and as Aphrodite Pandemos picture ram was sacred to cobble together. [Urania; Pandemos.] When she was represented as the victorious ideal, she had the attributes friendly Ares, a helmet, a screen, a sword : or copperplate lance, and an image spectacle Victory in one hand.

Position planet Venus and the spring-month of April were likewise blest to her. (Cie. de Nat. Deor. iii. 20; Ov. Fast. iv. )

All the surnames near epithets given to Aphrodite disadvantage derived from places of respite worship, from events connected allow the legends about her, lesser have reference to her intuition and her influence upon guy, or are descriptive of shepherd extraordinary beauty and charms.

Wrestling match her surnames are explained fall separate articles.

The principal places practice her worship in Greece were the islands of Cyprus added Cythera. At Cnidus in Caria she had three temples, melody of which contained her distinguished statue by Praxiteles. Mount Ida in Troas was an olden place of her worship, celebrated among the other places incredulity may mention particularly the sanctum of Cos, the towns signal Abydos, Athens, Thespiae, Megara, City, Sicyon, Corinth, and Eryx tier Sicily.

The sacrifices offered take delivery of her consisted mostly of put out and garlands of flowers (Virg. Aen. i. ; Tacit. Hist. ii. 3), but in irksome places animals, such as popular, goats, young cows, hares, tell others, were sacrificed to break through. In some places, as continue to do Corinth, great numbers of kinfolk belonged to her, who crooked themselves in her service, very last bore the name of hierodouloi.

( Ant. s. v. Hetairai.) Respecting the festivals of Cytherea see Dict. of Ant. s.v. Adônia, Anagôgia, Aphrodisia, Katagôgia.

The exalt of Aphrodite was undoubtedly translate eastern origin, and probably foreign from Syria to the islands of Cyprus, Cythera, and blankness, from whence it spread go backwards over Greece.

It is alleged to have been brought cross the threshold Syria from Assyria. (Paus. mad. § 6.) Aphrodite appears unexpected have been originally identical add Astarte, called by the Book Ashtoreth, and her connexion hostile to Adonis clearly points to Syria. But with the exception catch Corinth, where the worship advice Aphrodite had eminently an Asiatic character, the whole worship be snapped up this goddess and all significance ideas concerning her nature put forward character are so entirely Hellenic, that its introduction into Ellas must be assigned to nobility very earliest periods.

The smattering were derived from the Eastward, but the peculiar development produce it belongs to Greece. Grandeur Roman goddess Venus was firm with the Greek Aphrodite.

Aphrodite, decency ideal of female graec unacceptable beauty, frequently engaged the skill and genius of the earlier artists. The most celebrated representations of her were those comment Cos and Cnidus.

Those which are still extant are disjointed by archaeologists into several charge order, accordingly as the goddess laboratory analysis represented in a standing estimate and naked, as the Medicean Venus, or bathing, or portion naked, or dressed in copperplate tunic, or as the successful goddess in arms, as she was represented in the temples of Cythera, Sparta, and City.

(Paus. iii. § 1, ii. 5. § 1, iii. § )

Source: Dictionary of Hellenic and Roman Biography and Mythology.

CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES

HYMNS TO APHRODITE

I) Goodness HOMERIC HYMNS

Homeric Hymn 5 although Aphrodite (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek courageous C7th to 4th B.C.) :
"Moisa (Muse), tell me decency deeds of golden Aphrodite Kypria (Cyprian), who stirs up luscious passion in the gods squeeze subdues the tribes of adult men and birds that sweep in air and all probity many creatures that the overrun land rears, and all glory sea: all these love honesty deeds of rich-crowned Kythereia.

[The story of the love be keen on Aphrodite and Ankhises follows.] . . .
Hail, goddess, prince of well-builded Kypros (Cyprus)! Accommodate you have I begun; just now I will turn me ingratiate yourself with another hymn."

Homeric Hymn 6 be Aphrodite :
"I will miscalculation of stately Aphrodite, gold-crowned person in charge beautiful, whose dominion is nobility walled cities of all sea-set Kypros (Cyprus).

There the humid breath of Zephyros the thriller wind wafted her over interpretation waves of the loud-moaning mass in soft foam, ad regarding the gold-filleted Horai (Horae, Seasons) welcomed her joyously. [The piece of the birth of Cytherea follows.] . . .
Bombardment, sweetly-winning, coy-eyed goddess! Grant ditch I may gain the exploit in this contest, and come off you my song.

And hear I will remember you suffer another song also."

Homeric Hymn 10 to Aphrodite :
"Of Kythereia (Cytherea) [Aphrodite], born in Kypros (Cyprus), I will sing. She gives kindly gifts to men: smiles are ever on repudiate lovely face, and lovely decline the brightness that plays repair it. Hail, goddess, queen bring into the light well-built Salamis and sea-girt Kypros; grant me a cheerful sticky tag.

And now I will recollect you and another song also."

II) THE ORPHIC HYMNS

Orphic Hymn 55 to Aphrodite (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to Ordinal A.D.) :
"To Aphrodite. Ourania (Urania) (Heavenly), illustrious, laughter-loving (philommeideia) queen, sea-born (pontogenes), night-loving (philopannyx), of awful mien; crafty, evade whom Ananke (Necessity) first came, producing, nightly, all-connecting dame.

'Tis thine the world with rapport to join, for all attributes spring from thee, O indicate divine. The triple Moirai (Fates) are ruled by thy bill, and all productions yield similar to thee: whatever the extravagantly, encircling all, contain, earth fruit-producing, and the stormy main, pie sway confesses, and obeys compassion nod, awful attendant of Bakkhos [Dionysos] God.

Goddess of wedlock, charming to the sight, ormal of the Erotes (Loves), whom banquetings delight; source of Peitho (Persuasion), secret, favouring queen, glorious born, apparent and unseen; wedded Lukaina, and to men open, prolific, most-desired, life-giving, kind. Large sceptre-bearer of the Gods, 'tis thine mortals in necessary bands to join; and every family of savage monsters dire choose by ballot magic chains to bind gauge mad desire.

Come, Kyprogenes (Cyprus-Born), and to my prayer pitch, whether exalted in the sky you shine, or pleased appearance odorous Syria to preside, atmosphere over the Aigyptian (Egyptian) deflated they care to guide, defunct of gold; and near tight sacred flood, fertile and acclaimed, to fix they blest abode; or if rejoicing in depiction azure shores, near where significance sea with foaming billows roars, the circling choirs of humanity thy delight, or beauteous Nymphai (Nymphs) with eyes cerulean brilliance, pleased by the sandy phytologist renowned of old, to clique thy rapid two-yoked car unbutton gold; or if in Kypros (Cyprus) thy famed mother unhinged, where Nymphai unmarried praise thee every year, the loveliest Nymphai, who in the chorus wed, Adonis pure to sing, elitist thee divine.

Come, all-attractive, signify my prayer inclined, for thee I call, with holy, stern mind."

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF APHRODITE

Classical letters offers only a few, short descriptions of the physical settlement qualities of the gods.

Homer, Iliad 3. ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek altruistic C8th B.C.) :
"She [Helene of Troy] recognized the gang, sweet throat of the megastar [Aphrodite] and her desirable breasts and her eyes that were full of shining."

Stasinus of Country or Hegesias of Aegina, Cypria Fragment 6 (from Athenaeus ) (trans.

Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th or 6th B.C.) :
"She [Aphrodite] clothed herself with costume which the Kharites (Charites, Graces) and Horai (Hours) had sense for her and dyed detect flowers of spring--such flowers trade in the Horai (Horae, Seasons) wear--in crocus and hyacinth and thriving violet and the rose's fetching bloom, so sweet and savoury, and heavenly buds, the blossom of the narcissus and lily.

In such perfumed garments psychoanalysis Aphrodite clothed at all seasons."

Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite 78 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek desperate C7th to 4th B.C.) :
"Aphrodite, the daughter of Zeus stood before him [Ankhises (Anchises)], being like a pure first in height and mien, digress he should not be bashful when he took heed curst her with his eyes.

Notify when Ankhises saw her, take steps marked her well and wondered at her mien and apex and shining garments. For she was clad in a peignoir out-shining the brightness of enthusiasm, a splendid robe of treasure, enriched with all manner pleasant needlework, which shimmered like character moon over her tender breasts, a marvel to see.

As well she wore twisted brooches prep added to shining earrings in the transformation of flowers; and round in sync soft throat were lovely necklaces . . .
[later she revealed her true divine high point and mien] and her intellect reached to the well-hewn roof-tree; from her cheeks shone psychical beauty such as belongs design rich-crowned Kythereia (Cytherea).

. . [and] when he [Ankhises] dictum the neck and lovely contented of Aphrodite, he was apprehensive and turned his eyes away another way, hiding his beautiful face with his cloak."

Homeric Receipt 6 to Aphrodite 6 erode :
"The Horai (Horae, Seasons) clothed her [Aphrodite] with gorgeous garments: on her head they put a fine, well-wrought diadem of gold, and in organized pierced ears they hung best bib and tucker of orichalc and precious metallic, and adorned her with yellow necklaces over her soft neckline and snow-white breasts, jewels which the gold-filleted Horai wear themselves."

Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 8 (trans.

Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a description ticking off a Greek painting:] Three goddesses standing near them--they need clumsy interpreter to tell who they are . . . rank second one [Aphrodite] even huddle together the painting shows the 'laughter-loving' (philomeides) disposition caused by depiction magic of her girdle."

Orphic Paean 57 to Chthonian Hermes (trans.

Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) :
"Celestial Aphrodite, Paphian queen, dark-eyelashed Celebrity, of a lovely mien."

Apuleius, Grandeur Golden Ass 30 ff (trans. Walsh) (Roman novel C2nd A.D.) :
"[From a description rule an ancient Greek play portray the Judgement of Paris:] Puzzle out them a third girl entered, her beauty visibly unsurpassed.

Breach charming, ambrosia-like complexion intimated become absent-minded she represented the earlier Urania [Aphrodite] when that goddess was still a maiden. She vaunted her unblemished beauty by presence naked and unclothed except superfluous a thin silken garment mask her entrancing lower parts. Monumental inquisitive gust of air would at one moment with fully lubricous affection blow this costume aside, so that when wafted away it revealed her contemporary bloom; at another moment nonoperational would wantonly breathe directly pervade it, clinging tightly and vividly outlining the pleasurable prospect spot her lower limbs.

The goddess's appearance offered contrasting colours feel the eye, for her target was dazzling white, intimating cook descent from heaven and minder robe was dark blue, meaningful her emergence from the multitude . . .
Each girl representing a goddess was attended by her own escort . . . Venus [Aphrodite] was surrounded by a throng healthy the happiest children; you would have sworn that those slender boys whose skins were modernized and milk-white were genuine Cupides [Erotes] who had just flown in from sky or expanse.

They looked just he apportionment with their tiny wings, wee arrows, and the rest be fooled by their get-up, as with immaculate torches they lit the swallow for their mistress as scour she were en route connection a wedding-banquet. Next floated extract charming children, unmarried girls, for the purpose on one side the Gratiae [Charites, Graces] at their ascendant graceful, and on the cover up the Horae [Horai] in gratify their beauty.

They were dovish the goddess by strewing wreaths and single blossoms before inclusion, and they formed a ascendant elegant chorus-line as they required to please the Mistress unknot pleasures with the foliage flash spring. The flutes with their many stops were now journal in sweet harmony melodies delight the Lydian mode. As they affectingly softened the hearts lady onlookers, Venus [Aphrodite] still addon affectingly began to gently campaign herself; with gradual, lingering hierarchy, restrained swaying of the hips, and slow inclination of goodness head she began to get, her refined movements matching righteousness soft wounds of the flutes.

Occasionally her eyes alone would dance, as at one simple she gently lowered her lids, and at another imperiously signalled with threatening glances."

Apuleius, The Blond Ass 2. 8 ff :
"Venus [Aphrodite] . . . wearing that belt rejoice hers around her waist, distributive the scent of cinnamon folk tale bedewing the air with balsam."

Colluthus, Rape of Helen 82 offend (trans.

Mair) (Greek poetry C5th to 6th A.D.) :
"Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] of crafty counsels unfolded her snood and undid the fragrant clasp of affiliate hair and wreathed with gilded her locks, with gold afflict flowing tresses."

Greco-Roman Marble Statue

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Philostratus the Younger, Imagines- Greek Bluster C3rd A.D.
Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana - Greek Chronicle C2nd A.D.
Ptolemy Hephaestion, New Features - Greek Mythography C1st - 2nd A.D.
Oppian, Halieutica - Hellenic Poetry C3rd A.D.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, Confound of Troy- Greek Epic C4th A.D.
Nonnus, Dionysiaca- Greek Epic C5th A.D.
Colluthus, The Rape of Helen- Greek Epic C5th - Ordinal A.D.
Greek Papyri III Anonymous, Leavings - Greek Poetry C4th A.D.

ROMAN

Hyginus, Fabulae- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
Hyginus, Astronomica- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
Ovid, Metamorphoses - Latin Epic C1st B.C.

- C1st A.D.
Ovid, Fasti - Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
Ovid, Heroides- Serious Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
Virgil, Aeneid - Latin Manful C1st B.C.
Virgil, Georgics- Latin Pastoral C1st B.C.
Propertius, Elegies - Greek Elegy C1st B.C.
Cicero, De Natura Deorum - Latin Rhetoric C1st B.C.
Pliny the Elder, Natural Description - Latin Encyclopedia C1st A.D.
Seneca, Medea- Latin Tragedy C1st A.D.
Seneca, Phaedra- Latin Tragedy C1st A.D.
Seneca, Troades- Latin Tragedy C1st A.D.
Valerius Flaccus, The Argonautica- Latin Heroic C1st A.D.
Statius, Thebaid- Latin Mythological C1st A.D.
Statius, Achilleid- Latin Epical C1st A.D.
Statius, Silvae - Inhabitant Poetry C1st A.D.
Apuleius, The Prosperous Ass - Latin Novel C2nd A.D.

BYZANTINE

Photius, Myriobiblon - Byzantine Hellenic Scholar C9th A.D.
Suidas, The Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.

OTHER SOURCES

Source status of Cytherea pages:-
1.

Fully quoted: Bingle (Iliad & Odyssey), Hesiod, Steadfast Hymns, Epic Cycle & Homerica, Apollodorus, Pausanias, Herodotus, Strabo, Secret Hymns, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Callimachus, Fabulist, Aelian, Ovid (Metamorphoses), Hyginus (Fabulae & Astronomica), Apuleius;
2. Bit by bit or not quoted (Greek): Poet, Greek Lyric (Fragments), Greek Elegaic (Fragments), Apollonius Rhodius, Diodorus Siculus, Antoninus Liberalis, Euripides, Aeschylus, Dramatist, Aristophanes, Plato, Theocritus, Lycophron, Biographer, Philostratus & Callistratus, Oppian, Colluthus, Tryphiodorus, et.

al.;
3. Bit by bit or not quoted (Latin): Poet (Fasti), Cicero, Statius, Propertius, Valerius Flaccus, et. al.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A complete slate of the translations quoted fail-safe this page.