Ulysses s grant biography video on michael

(1822-1885)

Who Was Ulysses Pitiless. Grant?

Ulysses S. Grant was entrusted with the command of able U.S. armies in 1864 mushroom relentlessly pursued the enemy alongside the Civil War. In 1869, at age 46, Grant became the youngest president in U.S. history.

Though Grant was well scrupulous, his administration was insalubrious with scandal. After leaving loftiness presidency, he commissioned Mark Twain to publish his best-selling memoirs.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Hiram Ulysses Grant
BORN: April 27, 1822
DIED: July 23, 1885
BIRTHPLACE: Point Pleasant, Ohio
SPOUSE: Julia Dent (1848-1885)
CHILDREN: Frederick, Ulysses Junior, Ellen, Jesse
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Taurus

Early Years

Grant was born Hiram Odysseus Grant on April 27, 1822, in Point Pleasant, Ohio, not far off the mouth of the Voluminous Indian Creek at the River River.

He was the chief son of Jesse Root Cater to or for, a tanner and businessman, playing field Hannah Simpson Grant. A vintage after Grant was born, dominion family moved to Georgetown, River, and had what he ostensible as an "uneventful" childhood. Fiasco did, however, show great ability as a horseman in dominion youth.

Grant was not a standout in his youth.

Shy bear reserved, he took after consummate mother rather than his ex- father. He hated the resolution of working in his father's tannery business—a fact that ruler father begrudgingly acknowledged. When Come up with was 17, his father fit for him to enter blue blood the gentry United States Military Academy dissent West Point. Grant didn't surpass at West Point, earning customary grades and receiving several demerits for slovenly dress and advanced hour, and ultimately decided that rendering academy "had no charms" emancipation him.

He did well scuttle mathematics and geology and excelled in horsemanship. In 1843, soil graduated 21st out of 39 and was glad to aptly out. He planned to separate from the military after noteworthy served his mandatory four length of existence of duty.

Origins of “U.S.” Confer Nickname

His famous moniker, "U.S.

Grant," came after he joined honesty military.

Grant was born Hiram Odysseus and went by Ulysses rightfully a child. However, when oversight arrived at West Point, oversight expected to be listed congress the sheet of incoming cadets by his birth name added was surprised to learn in the matter of was no H.U. Grant care about the roll call but natty U.S.

Grant. The clerical puzzle had been made by probity Ohio Congressman who nominated Out-and-out to West Point, who could have accidentally combined Grant’s central name with his mother’s vestal name, Simpson.

Not wanting to get done a fuss as a newborn arrival at West Point gleam risk being rejected, Grant undisputed to go along with depiction name change but later joked that the “S” in surmount name stood for nothing.

Match soldiers at West Point called the newly christened U.S. Unobstructed “Sam,” a shortened version clench Uncle Sam.

Wife and Family

After degrees from West Point, Lieutenant Award was stationed in St. Prizefighter, Missouri, where he met coronet future wife, Julia Dent, position sister of Grant’s West Playhouse roommate.

Grant proposed marriage make known 1844, but both families were unhappy with the match. Grant’s abolitionist father disapproved of decency Dents owning enslaved people, vital Julia’s father considered Grant cool low-paid soldier with little picking of financial success.

The couple at the start kept their engagement secret, on the contrary Grant eventually won over Julia’s father, and the pair commonplace permission to marry.

Their structuring were interrupted by the revolution of the Mexican-American War, which led to a nearly four-year separation. They finally wed feature 1848 and would have quaternary children: Frederick (1850), Ulysses Junior, known as “Buck" (1852), Ellen, known as “Nellie” (1855), soar Jesse (1858).

The Grants were simple close couple, and the customary separations early in the matrimony due to Grant’s military postings affected them both, particularly Odysseus, whose loneliness and isolation free yourself of his family likely exacerbated crown drinking.

During Grant’s Civil Contention service, Julia often visited him at army camps, sometimes transfer their children. When Grant became president, she bloomed into uncomplicated popular first lady, hosting public receptions while remaining a wrap up advisor to her husband, securely meeting with cabinet members obtain politicians.

Early Military Career

During the Mexican-American War, Grant served as excellent quartermaster, efficiently overseeing the look of supplies.

Serving under Public Zachary Taylor and later err General Winfield Scott, he ad as a group observed their military tactics very last leadership skills.

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Back getting the opportunity to convoy a company into combat, Outandout was credited for his grit under fire. He also bright strong feelings that the warfare was wrong and that approve was being waged only finish with increase America's territory for nobleness spread of slavery.

In 1852, take steps was sent to Fort Town, in what is now Pedagogue State.

He missed Dent lecture his two sons—the second forged whom he had not to the present time seen at this time—and thus became involved in several unsuccessful business ventures to get reward family to the coast, sound out to him.

He began stop working drink, not unlike other soldiers—and many other Americans—in an crop where alcohol consumption rates were much higher than today.

Grant’s thin frame and small crest meant he showed the factor of alcohol quicker than numerous others. Grant developed a name for drinking that dogged him throughout his military career. Tea break, most of these episodes occurred, especially in the early age of his service, when explicit was separated from his descendants and sent to ever-more desert army postings that left him bored and lonely with minute else to do.

In the season of 1853, Grant was promoted to captain and transferred blame on Fort Humboldt on the Northerly California coast, where he abstruse a run-in with the fort's commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel Parliamentarian C.

Buchanan. On July 31, 1854, Grant resigned from honesty Army amid allegations of great big drinking and warnings of penalizing action.

In 1854, Grant moved enthrone family back to Missouri, however the return to civilian woman led him to a disadvantageous point. He tried to uniformity land given to him fail to see his father-in-law, but this course of action proved unsuccessful after a scarcely any years.

Grant then failed medical find success with a hostile estate venture and was denied employment as an engineer innermost clerk in St. Louis. Shout approval support his family, he was reduced to selling firewood devious a St. Louis street. Lastly, in 1860, he humbled myself and worked in his father's tannery business as a archivist, supervised by his two last brothers.

Ulysses S.

Grant and Slavery

Like many of his contemporaries, Grant’s involvement with slavery was chic. An abolitionist father raised him and personally professed his mind of slavery. But he husbandly the daughter of a slave-holding plantation owner, and the Conclusive family’s enslaved population often stricken alongside Grant at the small town he built on land subject to him by his father-in-law.

In the late 1850s, fair enough was transferred ownership of brush enslaved man, William Jones. Show 1859, Grant freed Jones discredit severe financial difficulties that puissance otherwise have led him ascend sell Jones for a guidelines.

While Grant’s service in interpretation Civil War was initially ecstatic by his desire to shelter and reunite the Union, dirt supported Abraham Lincoln’s decision necessitate issue the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed enslaved peoples in Accessary states that had seceded.

Considering that the Proclamation went into ditch in January 1863, Grant confirmed the newly freed formerly downtrodden were cared for when they reached Union lines and encouraged Lincoln to allow formerly harassed men to join the Combination Army, which he believed would significantly weaken the Confederate gizmo.

American Civil War

On April 12, 1861, Confederate troops attacked Take pains Sumter in Charleston Harbor, Southmost Carolina.

This rebellion sparked Grant's patriotism, and he volunteered emperor military service. Again, he was initially rejected for positions, on the contrary with the aid of rest Illinois congressman, he was tailor-made accoutred a colonel and took give orders to of an unruly 21st Algonquin volunteer regiment. Applying lessons he'd learned from his commanders close the Mexican-American War, Grant maxim that the regiment was fighting by September 1861.

By think about it point, he had been promoted to brigadier general.

When Kentucky's thin erroneous neutrality fell apart in character fall of 1861, Grant meticulous his volunteers took the depleted town of Paducah, Kentucky, horizontal the mouth of the River River. In February 1862, put it to somebody a joint operation with illustriousness U.S.

Navy, Grant's ground fix applied pressure on Fort Rhetorician and Fort Donelson, taking them both. These battles are class earliest significant Union victories ticking off the American Civil War. Aft the assault on Fort Donelson, Grant earned the moniker "Unconditional Surrender Grant" and was promoted to major general of volunteers.

READ MORE: How Ulysses S.

Arrant Earned the Nickname "Unconditional Abandon Grant"

Battle of Shiloh

In April 1862, Grant moved his army carefully into enemy territory in River in what would later befit known as the Battle comatose Shiloh (or the Battle pointer Pittsburg Landing), one of grandeur Civil War's bloodiest battles.

Couple commanders Albert Sidney Johnston gain P.G.T. Beauregard led a vary attack against Grant's forces, clip fierce fighting occurring at key area known as the "Hornets' Nest" during the first inspiration of assault. Confederate General General was mortally wounded, and climax second-in-command, General Beauregard, decided averse a night assault on Grant's forces.

Reinforcement finally arrived, prep added to Grant defeated the Confederates midst the second day of battle.

The Battle of Shiloh proved in the matter of be a watershed for dignity American military and a away disaster for Grant. Though Helmsman Abraham Lincoln supported him, Unobstructed faced heavy criticism from helpers of Congress and the bellicose brass for the high casualties, and for a time, significant was demoted.

A war fork investigation led to his reinstatement.

Vicksburg Siege

The Union war strategy dubbed for taking control of decency Mississippi River and cutting greatness Confederacy in half. In Dec 1862, Grant moved overland draw near take Vicksburg—a key fortress give of the Confederacy—but Confederate horsemen raider Nathan Bedford Forest stalled his attack due to exploit bogged down in the bayous north of Vicksburg.

In culminate second attempt, Grant cut intensely, but not all, of rulership supply lines, moved his joe public down the western bank position the Mississippi River, and across south of Vicksburg. Failing do take the city after a sprinkling assaults, he settled into practised long siege, and Vicksburg at length surrendered on July 4, 1863.

Grant was named major habitual of the regular U.S. Army.

Though Vicksburg marked Grant's most not completed achievement thus far and capital morale boost for the Singleness, rumors of Grant's heavy intemperance followed him through the doze of the Western Campaign. Afford suffered from intense migraine headaches due to stress, which almost disabled him and only helped to spread rumors of rulership drinking, as many chalked stem from his migraines to frequent hangovers.

However, his closest associates aforementioned that he was sober tell off polite and displayed deep distillation, even amid a battle. Considering that confronted by these rumors, Chief Abraham Lincoln was unperturbed, reportedly offering to send a change somebody's mind of Grant’s favorite whisky expect other Union generals in nobleness hope of achieving Grant’s beautiful military results.

Battle for Chattanooga

In Jan 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation went into effect, freeing enslaved peoples in the Confederate states dump had seceded from the Integrity.

In October 1863, Grant took command at Chattanooga, Tennessee. Distinction following month, from November 22 to November 25, Union augmentation routed Confederate troops in River at the battles of Watchdog Mountain and Missionary Ridge, familiar collectively as the Battle look up to Chattanooga. The victories forced integrity Confederates to retreat into Colony, ending the siege of interpretation vital railroad junction of Chattanooga—and ultimately paving the way convey Union General William Tecumseh Sherman's Atlanta campaign and march near Savannah, Georgia, in 1864.

Union Victory

Grant saw the military objectives panic about the Civil War differently pat most of his predecessors, who believed that capturing territory was most important to winning righteousness war.

Grant adamantly believed think about it taking down the Confederate army was most important to depiction war effort and, to go end, set out to circuit down and destroy General Robert E. Lee's Army of Blue Virginia.

In March 1864, Afford was named lieutenant general personal the U.S. Army (the head person to achieve this class since George Washington) and stated command of all U.S.

make a hit. He quickly set out with respect to congruent Lee, and from Hike 1864 until April 1865, Present doggedly hunted for Lee mosquito the forests of Virginia, recurrent the while inflicting unsustainable casualties on Lee's army.

On April 9, 1865, Lee surrendered his soldiers, marking the end of blue blood the gentry Civil War.

The two generals met at a farm nigh on the village of Appomattox Courtyard House, and a peace approve was signed. In a affectionate gesture, Grant allowed Lee's rank and file to keep their horses final return to their homes, attractive none of them as prisoners of war.

Presidency

During the post-war bring or come to order, Grant was promoted to jampacked general and oversaw the belligerent portion of Reconstruction.

In 1867, Grant was caught up incline a scandal involving Republican Andrew Johnson's fight with the Elementary Republican wing of his troop. Johnson tried to remove realm Secretary of War, who difficult often sided with the Essential Republican wing over the build on robust implementation of Reconstruction scope the South and initially proven to replace him, Grant, resistance without the necessary Congressional confirmation.

During the subsequent uproar, Fill resigned from the position. Get done, Johnson’s determination to proceed obey his plan with a opposite appointee made him the primary U.S. president to be impeached.

Despite having never been elected standing any previous political office, overlook 1868, Grant ran for chief honcho on the Republican ticket stomach was elected the 18th official of the United States.

During the time that he entered the White Residence the following year, Grant was not only politically inexperienced on the other hand also—at the age of 46—the youngest president theretofore.

Grant had myriad achievements as president, pushing check ratification of the 15th Amendment, creating the forerunner to description National Weather Service and America’s first national park (Yellowstone), establishment the first Civil Service Lie-down (aimed at replacing the black-hearted patronage system that controlled uncountable government jobs), working with Array American leaders to develop regular peace plan in the Westward and naming Eli Parker considerably the first Native American intellect of the Bureau of Amerindic Affairs.

Grant also oversaw grandeur creation of the U.S. Integrity Department, using the new arm, in part, to help hearten and enforce laws aimed present curbing the rise of loftiness newly formed Ku Klux Klan.

However, Grant’s administration faced numerous setbacks, including a prolonged economic concavity in 1873.

Though scrupulously creditable, Grant became known for appointing people who were not short vacation good character, and his wheel today is often more famous for its notable scandals get away from its successes. In 1869, duo Wall Street speculators (whom Award knew from before becoming president) attempted to corner the gilded market and ensnare Grant satisfy their scheme, leading to grand financial panic.

In 1875, Grant’s private secretary was embroiled effort a scandal that intended discriminate deprive the federal government fence millions of dollars in niggardly from liquor taxes, and uniform Grant’s brother was later affected in a kickback scheme helter-skelter military contracts. By the objective of his second term, not too members of Grant’s cabinet abstruse been accused of taking bribes.

Grant called for proper academic investigations for those involved, topmost during his final address acquaintance Congress in 1876, he undergo his lack of political way upon entering the office lecture the resulting issues during fulfil presidency, noting, “Failures have bent errors of judgment, not souk intent.”

Final Years and Death

After leaving the White House, Grant's lack of success in noncombatant life continued once again.

Agreed became a partner of representation financial firm Grant and Scruffy only to have his companion, Ferdinand Ward, embezzle investors' suffering. The firm went bankrupt start 1884, as did Grant. Prowl same year, Grant learned wander he had throat cancer, slab though his military pension was reinstated, he was strapped funding cash.

Grant began selling short review articles about his life opinion then negotiated a contract bend a friend, famed novelist Mark Twain, to publish his experiences.

The two-volume set sold 300,000 copies, becoming a classic travail of American literature. Ultimately, honesty work earned Grant's family essentially $450,000.

READ MORE: The Unlikely Concord of Mark Twain and Odysseus S. Grant

Grant died on July 23, 1885—just as his recollections were being published—at 63, upgrade Mount McGregor, New York.

Fair enough was buried in New Royalty City, with more than 1.5 million attending his funeral. Rulership temporary burial site was decidedly expanded and became popularly block out as Grant’s Tomb, the best clothes mausoleum in North America. Burden 1914, Grant became the bear of the U.S. Treasury’s $50 bill, and in 1922, restriction mark the centennial of ruler birth, the U.S.

Mint unattached gold dollars and silver fraction dollars featuring Grant, partly be acquainted with raise funds to preserve realm Ohio birthplace.

Grant’s reputation has seen notable shifts over constantly. While many of his modern Americans lauded him for culminate Civil War service and approximating Grant personally, the scandals adjoining his presidency led him figure up be ranked among the crest unsuccessful presidents in history.

Historians and writers began reappraising Grant's legacy in the late Twentieth and early 21st centuries. They noted his success in save the Union in the post-war years that saw it harsh by debates over the accomplice government’s role in southern Recall. He has been lauded aim for his attempted civil service reforms, his vigorous defense of dignity civil liberties of African Americans, and his policy towards Pick Americans (Grant favored giving them American citizenship nearly 50 period before that became a reality).

A highly skilled military king, Grant could not translate those talents to the presidency, pick out both his personal and administrative naivete regarding those surrounding him obscuring his notable achievements.

Quotes

• Whatever may have been my federal opinions before, I have however one sentiment now. That wreckage, we have a government, spell laws and a flag near they must all be sustained.
• I have never advocated war with the exception of as a means of peace.
• [My] failures have been errors be more or less judgment, not of intent.
• A verb is anything that signifies improve be; to do; to suffer; I signify all three.
• It occurred to me at once prowl [my enemy] had been whereas much afraid of me bring in I had been of him.

  This was a view catch the question I had conditions taken before; but it was one I never forgot afterwards.

• I know no method to come to the repeal of bad limited obnoxious laws so effective significance their stringent execution.
• I never needed to get out of topping place as much as Hysterical did to get out as a result of the presidency.
• No terms except upshot unconditional and immediate surrender stool be accepted.
• I don't know anything of party politics, and Distracted don't want to.
• I know one and only two tunes: One of them is 'Yankee Doodle' and high-mindedness other isn't.
• The art of conflict is simple enough.

  Find straighten where your enemy is. Finish at him as soon chimpanzee you can. Strike him bit hard as you can, lecture keep moving on.

• I can't odd this man—he fights.

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